What is calcium HMB benefits and side effects？

Calcium Hydroxymethylbutyrate (Calcium HMB Powder) is a chemical that is produced when the body breaks down leucine. Leucine is an amino acid, one of the building blocks of protein. People use calcium HMB to make medicine.

Calcium HMB is used for increasing the benefits from weight training and exercise; and for treating diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular disease), high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. In combination with the amino acids arginine and glutamine, HMB is also used for treating weight loss, weakness, and diarrhea in people with AIDS (AIDS-related wasting).

The Calcium HMB Powder benefits:

◆Mechanism and safety of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate

β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of leucine. Branched-chain amino acids make up more than 30% of the protein in muscles, and leucine is the only amino acid in skeletal and cardiac muscle that can regulate protein turnover. It can regulate muscle synthesis, prevent protein degradation, and recover from sports injuries. The possible mechanism by which β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate acid exerts its effects is related to regulating protein turnover and maintaining cell membrane integrity. Research shows that HMB has the effect of reducing protein degradation and increasing protein synthesis.

Ca HMB is one of the common supplement forms of HMB. It is currently a new resource food ingredient newly approved by the Ministry of Health of my country, and its safety has been extensively studied. In a study based on the Food and Drug Administration, rats were given Ca HMB daily at 5% of their total diet, based on human equivalent doses. There was no obvious damage after taking it for 91 days. In human experiments, daily intake of 6g HMB was found to have no effect on cholesterol, hemoglobin, white blood cells, blood sugar levels, liver and kidney function after one month of consumption. Baier studied the elderly who consumed 2 to 3 g of Ca HMB daily with an amino acid mixture. No changes were found in liver blood, kidneys, and blood lipids after one year of consumption. Some studies have analyzed the toxicity of Ca HMB, combined with human and animal experiments, and evaluated from the aspects of lethality, clinical observation, body weight, food intake, clinical, anatomical pathology, etc. The experiments have confirmed that HMB supplementation is safe and reliable, and has no toxic side effects. Most studies have shown that HMB is between 0.5-3.0g/d, and the dose of 3.0g/d is the recommended supplementation dose. The time when serum HMB reaches its peak after people take Ca HMB is most closely related to the dosage, usually within 1 to 2 hours, and the half-life is about 2.5 hours. Compared with taking a high dose of HMB once, taking it in divided doses is more effective. It is recommended to take HMB three times a day to help it play its role better.

◆Application of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate in sports nutrition

Studies have shown that consuming calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate after exercise can not only accelerate the repair of muscle tissue, but also promote muscle volume growth, increase endurance, and improve strength. In October 2013, the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) conducted a rigorous and detailed analysis of the literature on HMB as a nutritional supplement and made the following statement; ① For skeletal muscle injuries caused by exercise in trained or untrained people, HMB can Reduce muscle damage and promote recovery. ②Athletes will benefit from training and supplementing HMB. ③ Supplementing HMB before starting exercise for 2 weeks can achieve the best effect. ④ Trained or untrained people perform appropriate exercises while daily supplementing with 38 mg/kg·BMI of HMB can promote skeletal muscle growth and enhance muscle strength and power. ⑤The effects of HMB include reducing protein degradation and increasing protein synthesis. On December 30, 2015, the National Health and Family Planning Commission issued GB24154-2015 "General Principles of National Food Safety Standards for Sports Nutritional Foods", which recommended the addition of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate calcium in speed and strength products, and recommended daily dosage of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate is 1 to 3g/d.

In terms of safety, Calcium HMB Powder appears to have a relatively good profile when taken within recommended dosages. However, as with any supplement, it is important to consult a healthcare provider before starting its use, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions or those taking other medications.

The mechanism of action of Calcium HMB is still being explored, but current research suggests that it influences intracellular signaling pathways involved in muscle metabolism. Further studies are needed to fully understand its long-term effects and potential applications in different populations.

Application of CaHMB in formula foods for special medical purposes

Formulas for special medical purposes have important clinical significance in correcting metabolic imbalances, reducing complications such as infection, enhancing the effects of various treatments, and promoting recovery, thereby shortening hospitalization time and improving patients' quality of life.

◆ Application in stress conditions such as trauma, infection, surgery, etc.

Under stress conditions such as trauma and surgery, the body is in a high metabolic state, with increased protein decomposition and negative nitrogen balance. During severe stress, negative nitrogen balance can last longer. Stress patients have both increased destruction and breakdown of proteins and decreased synthesis. Under stress conditions, the body may consume too much of its own tissues, leading to adverse consequences such as weight loss, negative nitrogen balance, delayed wound healing, and reduced resistance, thus affecting the patient's prognosis.The rational use of special medical formulas in patients' enteral nutrition support can correct the negative nitrogen balance, improve the patient's nutritional status, help malnourished patients safely survive stress states such as trauma and surgery, and ensure the nutritional needs of postoperative patients. , maintain and improve the body's effective metabolism, body tissues, organ functions, etc. Multiple studies have shown that CaHMB has the effects of accelerating protein synthesis and slowing down protein consumption. The combined use of CaHMB with glutamine, arginine, etc. can improve patients' negative nitrogen balance and play a positive role in recovery from trauma, surgery, etc. Williams et al. reported that 35 healthy elderly people over 70 years old were given 14g glutamine, 3gCaHMB and 14g arginine daily. The control group was given non-essential amino acids of equal nitrogen and equal energy. After 14 days, collagen synthesis was found to increase significantly. It means it can be used for patient's wound repair. Sipahi et al. reported that 11 diabetic dialysis patients were given 2.6g HMB, 14.8g glutamine and 14.8g arginine daily. The control group was treated with hormones and hyperbaric oxygen chamber. After 28 days, it was found that the area and depth of the wound were significantly improved.

For special medical formula foods for wound repair, corresponding products have been launched abroad, such as a brand product in the United States. As a specific complete nutritional formula food, it is suitable for patients with burns and scalds, trauma, bedsores, surgery and wound recovery. Each serving in the formula 24g contains 1.5g of β-β-β-yl calcium butyrate, 7g of L-aminoamide, and 7g of L-amino acid, which can promote wound healing and help patients with wound repair and healing. Clinical trials have shown that 2 packs of Basic Soda used daily for 14 days can provide better protein nutritional supplement than the control group, helping nutritional support before and after surgical treatment, wound and muscle recovery.

◆Application in sarcopenia syndrome

Sarcopenia is very common among the elderly, with an incidence rate of 5% to 13% among those aged 60 to 70 years old, and 11% to 50% among those over 80 years old. The incidence rate increases with age. Studies have shown that, 45% of the elderly in the United States suffer from sarcopenia, and about 20% of the elderly are in a state of functional disability due to the decrease in skeletal muscle function caused by sarcopenia, which leads to an increased incidence of falls and an increase in accidental mortality caused by falls.

Studies have shown that CaHMB has the effect of preventing muscle loss and increasing muscle mass. In recent years, it has been used in clinical studies to improve muscle wasting. A large number of studies have found that in older women, a mixture of HMB/ARG/LYS (a nutritional mixture of HMB, arginine, and lysine) can significantly increase protein synthesis, improve body composition, increase lean body mass, and enhance muscle strength. Flakoll used a 12W randomized, double-blind experiment. The experimental subjects were elderly women with an average age of 76.7, and the daily intake of 2gCaHMB, 5g arginine, and 1.5g lysine (sample number was 27), The effects on elderly women were analyzed and compared with placebo (isocaloric mixture composed of dextrin and vitamin C, sample number 14, or isocaloric and isonitrogenous mixture composed of non-essential amino acids and vitamin C, sample number 14). . After 12 weeks of experiment, compared with the placebo group, the protein synthesis of the group taking HMB and essential amino acids increased by 20%, the lean body mass increased significantly (P=0.08), and the knee flexor strength and grip strength also increased significantly.

At present, the application of Ca HMB in sarcopenia syndrome in formulas for special medical purposes is still under study. The nutrients required for various diseases in specific complete nutritional formulas are specified in the "General Rules of Formulas for Special Medical Purposes (Draft for Comment)" Formula regulations were made. It stipulates that complete nutritional formula foods for patients with sarcopenia syndrome should use high-quality protein, add leucine or beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate calcium, and the leucine content should not be less than 0.36mg/100kcal, or beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate calcium shall not be less than 1.5 mg/100kcal, and other essential amino acids may be added. In order to increase muscle protein synthesis, there are corresponding special medical foods in foreign countries, such as Abbott's "EAS MUSCLE ARMOR" in the United States, which is promoted as "reduce muscle cell apoptosis and increase protein synthesis." Its formula contains 1.5g of Ca HMB, 7g of L-aminoamide, and 7g of L-amino acid per 30g, which can promote muscle protein synthesis as a daily dietary supplement.

The Side effects

Calcium HMB Powder is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth, short-term. Doses of 3 grams per day or less for up to 8 weeks seem to be safe.

Conclusion

At present, the new resource food raw material beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate calcium is widely used in food, mainly including its application in sports nutrition and formula foods for special medical purposes. The application of Ca HMB is mainly based on its ability to promote muscle synthesis and reduce muscle protein degradation. In sports nutrition, Ca HMB can promote muscle volume increase, increase muscle strength and improve muscle repair after exercise; in the use of special medical formulas, Ca HMB can promote muscle protein synthesis, reduce muscle protein consumption, and slow down protein levels under stress. loss. With the deepening of various researches, the new resource food raw material Ca HMB will be widely used in food.